Questions to prepare for classes and examination

•  The main stages of leukopoiesis and its regulation by humoral factors.

•  Classification of disorders of white blood cells.

•  Leukopenia: definition and causes.

•  General mechanisms of leukopenia.

•  Causes and mechanisms of a decreased leukocytes production.

•  Causes and mechanisms of aqn increased peripheral destruction of leukocytes.

•  Signs and consequenses of neutropenia.

•  Leukocytosis: causes and mechanisms.

•  Causes of increased production in the bone marrow, mobilization, and defective margination of neutrophils.

•  Types of leukocytosis; patterns of shift to the left.

•  Biological significance of leukocytosis.

•  Types and mechanisms of abnormal neutrophil function.

•  Leukemoid reactions: typical features, causes, mechanisms of development, physiological significance.

•  Changes in the complete blood test with differential. Absolute and relative shifts in leukocytes count.

N 72

A 38-year-old male industrial worker visited his general practitioner. The patient was a victim of fire at his working place. During the accident he had received epidermal and partial thickness burns of the right side of the body (about 10% of the total body surface area). His condition was fair, the body temperature was 37.8 °C. On the fifth day the patient's condition deteriorated due to an intercurrent infection of the burnt wound. He developed signs of marked purulent, exudative inflammation of the derma and subcutaneous tissue; his body temperature elevated to 40.2 °C. Blood tests were taken twice at different time points. The following results were obtained: