Электронная библиотека технического вуза
II. Primary immunodeficiencies are the genetic defects of the immune system cells such as:
► Syndromes with antibody deficiency;
► Syndromes with T-lymphocyte deficiency;
► Combined T- and B-deficiencies;
► Syndromes with deficient complement components;
► Syndromes with defective NK-cells;
► Syndromes with defective phagocytes;
► Syndromes with defective adhesion molecules.
III. Secondary immunodeficiencies are the dysfunctions of the immune system caused by severe systemic pathogenic effects on the organism, namely:
1. Factors causing reversible dysfunctions (immunodeficiency) of the immune system (in this case reversibility is conditional and depends on magnitude and duration of pathogen-mediated effects):
► malnutrition (extreme starvation and deficiency of vitally important components in the diet);
► curable metabolic diseases (diabetes mellitus, Cushing's syndrome,
► dysfunction of parathyroid glands, etc.);
► depression;
► severe burns;
► stress or emotional crisis of any nature.
2. Factors that provoke total or partial elimination of lymphoid tissue and cause consequent irreversible immunodeficiency:
► HIV-infection;
► injury of the immune system by other infections (hyperstimulation of the immune system by superantigens in viral, fungal, bacterial infections,
and by other mechanisms) namely: measles, hepatitis, CytoMegaloVirus (CMV) infections, rubella, Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection, staphy-lococcal infections, tuberculosis, leprosy, coccidioidomycosis, aspergil-losis, etc.;
► ionizing radiation;
► lymphotoxic chemical substances;