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Part 1. General Microbiology, Immunology

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Medical Microbiology, Virology and Immunology. Lecture Notes
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Part 1. General Microbiology, Immunology-
Unit 1. General Microbiology
Lecture 1. Subject and aims of medical microbiology. Morphology and taxonomy of microorganisms. Microscopic research method
Question 1. The subject of medical microbiology and its importance in practical health care. The history of microbiology
Question 2. Taxonomy, system and nomenclature of microorganisms
Question 3. Microbiology research methods
Question 4. Simple and complex staining techniques. The mechanism of smear staining. Staining properties of microorganisms
Question 5. Light microscope, its main characteristics. Types of light microscopy (dark-field, fluorescent). Immersion microscopy principles. Electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy
Question 6. Morphology of bacteria
Question 7. Structure of the bacterial cell: genome, cytoplasm, ribosome. Structure, functions and methods of detection
Question 8. Shell of bacteria: cytoplasmic membrane, cell wall, capsule. Structure, functions and methods of detection
Question 9. Flagella, fimbria (pili). Structure, functions and methods of detection
Question 10. Bacterial spores. Its role and structural features. Spore formation and methods of detection
Lecture 2. Physiology of microorganisms. Metabolism. Nutrition and respiration of bacteria. Cultivation of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria
Question 1. Anabolism and catabolism
Question 2. Mechanisms of nutrients transmission in the bacterial cell
Question 3. Autotrophs and heterotrophs, auxotrophs and prototrophs
Question 4. Classification of culture (nutrient) media
Question 5. Simple and complex nutrient medium
Question 6. Method for isolation of the pure culture
Question 7. Growth phases of bacteria on culture medium
Question 8. Mechanism of bacterial respiration. Aerobes and anaerobes
Question 9. Methods of cultivation of anaerobic bacteria: culture media, equipment
Question 10. The main groups of bacteria enzymes
Question 11. Enzymes in the identification of bacteria. Carbohydrate-splitting enzymes. Proteolytic enzymes
Question 12. Peptolytic enzymes
Question 13. Bacterial enzymes of pathogenicity
Question 14. Isolation of pure culture of aerobes
Question 15. Isolation of pure culture of anaerobes
Lecture 3. Viruses. bacteriophages. Genetics of microorganisms. Biotechnology in microbiology. Molecular-genetic methods of diagnosis
Question 1. Classification of viruses. Virus and virion
Question 2. Morphology of viruses. the functions of RNA and DNA
Question 3. Chemical composition of nucleoprotein. Enzymes
Question 4. Cultivation of viruses
Question 5. Interaction of viruses with the host cell. The mechanism of transcription and replication of the viral genome
Question 6. The mechanism of DNA and RNA viral integration into the cellular genome
Question 7. Ways of the transmission of viral infections
Question 8. Phage composition and structure
Question 9. The mechanism of interaction between phages and the bacterial cell
Question 10. Virulent and temperate phages. Lysogenesis
Question 11. Prions. Diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis of prion diseases
Question 12. Genotype and phenotype of bacteria
Question 13. Extrachromosomal genetic elements (factors) in bacteria — plasmids, transposons, insertion sequence; its role
Question 14. Forms of variability in microorganisms
Question 15. Mutations, kinds of mutations in bacteria
Question 16. Genetic recombination in bacteria (transformation, transduction, conjugation)
Question 17. The theoretical and practical importance of genetics: molecular-biological methods of diagnosis. The practical using of genetic engineering
Lecture 4. Infection: the role of microorganisms in infectious process. Microbiological basics of antimicrobial therapy (antibiotics)
Question 1. The notion of infection and infectious disease. The clinical forms of infection
Question 2. Exogenous and endogenous infections. The term «entrance gate» and «infective dose»
Question 3. Sources, routes, and mechanisms of infections transmission
Question 4. Local and generalized infectious process. Dissemination of microorganisms within the body. bacteremia, viremia, toxaemia, sepsis, pyemia
Question 5. Classification of infections
Question 6. Pathogenesis of infectious diseases. Periods of infection
Question 7. The pathogenicity and virulence of microorganisms, evaluation of virulence
Question 8. Virulence factors: adherence, invasiveness, toxin production, aggresiveness
Question 9. Toxigenicity. Exotoxins and endotoxins
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    Medical Microbiology, Virology and Immunology. Lecture Notes
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    Table of contents

    Part 1. General Microbiology, Immunology-
    Unit 1. General Microbiology
    Lecture 1. Subject and aims of medical microbiology. Morphology and taxonomy of microorganisms. Microscopic research method
    Question 1. The subject of medical microbiology and its importance in practical health care. The history of microbiology
    Question 2. Taxonomy, system and nomenclature of microorganisms
    Question 3. Microbiology research methods
    Question 4. Simple and complex staining techniques. The mechanism of smear staining. Staining properties of microorganisms
    Question 5. Light microscope, its main characteristics. Types of light microscopy (dark-field, fluorescent). Immersion microscopy principles. Electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy
    Question 6. Morphology of bacteria
    Question 7. Structure of the bacterial cell: genome, cytoplasm, ribosome. Structure, functions and methods of detection
    Question 8. Shell of bacteria: cytoplasmic membrane, cell wall, capsule. Structure, functions and methods of detection
    Question 9. Flagella, fimbria (pili). Structure, functions and methods of detection
    Question 10. Bacterial spores. Its role and structural features. Spore formation and methods of detection
    Lecture 2. Physiology of microorganisms. Metabolism. Nutrition and respiration of bacteria. Cultivation of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria
    Question 1. Anabolism and catabolism
    Question 2. Mechanisms of nutrients transmission in the bacterial cell
    Question 3. Autotrophs and heterotrophs, auxotrophs and prototrophs
    Question 4. Classification of culture (nutrient) media
    Question 5. Simple and complex nutrient medium
    Question 6. Method for isolation of the pure culture
    Question 7. Growth phases of bacteria on culture medium
    Question 8. Mechanism of bacterial respiration. Aerobes and anaerobes
    Question 9. Methods of cultivation of anaerobic bacteria: culture media, equipment
    Question 10. The main groups of bacteria enzymes
    Question 11. Enzymes in the identification of bacteria. Carbohydrate-splitting enzymes. Proteolytic enzymes
    Question 12. Peptolytic enzymes
    Question 13. Bacterial enzymes of pathogenicity
    Question 14. Isolation of pure culture of aerobes
    Question 15. Isolation of pure culture of anaerobes
    Lecture 3. Viruses. bacteriophages. Genetics of microorganisms. Biotechnology in microbiology. Molecular-genetic methods of diagnosis
    Question 1. Classification of viruses. Virus and virion
    Question 2. Morphology of viruses. the functions of RNA and DNA
    Question 3. Chemical composition of nucleoprotein. Enzymes
    Question 4. Cultivation of viruses
    Question 5. Interaction of viruses with the host cell. The mechanism of transcription and replication of the viral genome
    Question 6. The mechanism of DNA and RNA viral integration into the cellular genome
    Question 7. Ways of the transmission of viral infections
    Question 8. Phage composition and structure
    Question 9. The mechanism of interaction between phages and the bacterial cell
    Question 10. Virulent and temperate phages. Lysogenesis
    Question 11. Prions. Diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis of prion diseases
    Question 12. Genotype and phenotype of bacteria
    Question 13. Extrachromosomal genetic elements (factors) in bacteria — plasmids, transposons, insertion sequence; its role
    Question 14. Forms of variability in microorganisms
    Question 15. Mutations, kinds of mutations in bacteria
    Question 16. Genetic recombination in bacteria (transformation, transduction, conjugation)
    Question 17. The theoretical and practical importance of genetics: molecular-biological methods of diagnosis. The practical using of genetic engineering
    Lecture 4. Infection: the role of microorganisms in infectious process. Microbiological basics of antimicrobial therapy (antibiotics)
    Question 1. The notion of infection and infectious disease. The clinical forms of infection
    Question 2. Exogenous and endogenous infections. The term «entrance gate» and «infective dose»
    Question 3. Sources, routes, and mechanisms of infections transmission
    Question 4. Local and generalized infectious process. Dissemination of microorganisms within the body. bacteremia, viremia, toxaemia, sepsis, pyemia
    Question 5. Classification of infections
    Question 6. Pathogenesis of infectious diseases. Periods of infection
    Question 7. The pathogenicity and virulence of microorganisms, evaluation of virulence
    Question 8. Virulence factors: adherence, invasiveness, toxin production, aggresiveness
    Question 9. Toxigenicity. Exotoxins and endotoxins
    Управление
  • My reports
    • Download app
    Medical Microbiology, Virology and Immunology. Lecture Notes
    Оборот титула

    Table of contents